XX年高考英语难点37讲--难点21 多变的省略句
英语中省略现象较为普遍,对省略的考查已成为高考中的热点。句子成分的省略,可分为以下几种情况:
1.省略主语,主谓语或主谓的一部分
2.不定式符号to的省略
3.不定式结构中动词的省略
4.状语从句中的省略
5.定语从句中关系词的省略
6.虚拟语气中if和should的省略
7.考查not,so,neither,nor的“替代性”省略
●难点磁场
1.()john plays football________,if not better than,david.
a.as well b.as well as c.so well d.so well as
2.()if you go to xi’an ,you’ll find the places there more magnificent than commonly________.
a.supposing b.supposed c.to suppose d.suppose
3.()—what do you think made mary so upset?
—________ her bicycle.
a.as she lost b.lost c.losing d.because of losing
4.()i thought her nice and honest________ i met her.
a.first time b.for the first time c.the first time d.by the first time
5.()boris has brains.in fact,i doubt whether anyone in the class has________iq. (nmet XX)
a.a high b.a higher c.the higher d.the highest
6.()—you should have thanked her before she left.
—i meant________,but when i was leaving i couldn’t find her anywhere.
(XX年上海春季)
a.to do b.to c.doing d.doing so
●案例探究
1.—do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
—________.
a.i don’t believe b.i don’t believe it
c.i believe not so d.i believe not
命题意图:此题考查not在宾语从句中的“替代性”省略。此题属四星级题。
知识依托:“so”可代替某些动词后的宾语从句,但绝不能用it或that。这些常用的动词有:believe,be afraid,expect,hope,imagine,suppose等。例:
—is she going to the party tonight?
—i think so./i hope so.
其否定有两种:①动词用否定结构。
②用not代替so。
又如:—do you think he will pass the exam?
—i don’t think so./i think not.前者更常用。
错解分析:a项应为i don’t believe so。
c项否定也应否定谓语。
解题方法与技巧:根据具体语言环境,正确运用表达观点的方法。
答案:d
2.________ for the free ticket,i would not have gone to the films so often.
a.if it is not b.were it not c.had it not been d.if there were to
命题意图:旨在考查虚拟条件中if的省略。此题属五星级题。
知识依托:跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句结构为if+主语+had+过去分词,主语+would/could/might do…当if省略时,将had提主句首,即
had+主语+过去分词,主语+would/could/might do…
错解分析:a项不是虚拟语气结构。
b项是跟现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
d项是跟将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
解题方法与技巧:从题干的后一句话入手,可看出i would not have gone to…是跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,故答案为c。译为:要不是因为票是免费的,我也就不会经常去看电影了。
答案:c
3.—you ought to have given them some advice.
—________,but who cared what i asked?
a.so it was b.so i ought to have c.so i did d.so i ought to
命题意图:考查ought to后作宾语的不定式的省略。此题属五星级题。
知识依托:ought to, want, hope等动词后可省略作宾语的不定式短语,但该宾语若是be动词或动词的完成时,则需在to后加be或have。
—are you a soldier?
—no,but,wish to be(a soldier).
答案:b
4.the research is so designed that once________ nothing can be done to change it.
(nmet XX)
a.begins b.having begun c.beginning d.begun
命题意图:此题考查省略在状语从句中的应用。此题属四星级题。
知识依托:当主句的主语和状语从句主句一致(或从句主语为it),且从句中含be,可把从句的主语和be一起省略,例:
i wonder why he didn’t do as(he was) told to.
错解分析:a、b、c项都为主动,而research应是由人启动的,应用被动。
解题方法与技巧:此类词,应分清主、被动关系。
答案:d
●锦囊妙计
掌握好省略句,应注意以下几条:
1.感官动词或使役动词(如:notice,hear,let,make)等后接不定式作宾补时省略to,被动时to不能省略。
2.在prefer to do rather than…,cannot help but…do, nothing …but等句型中常省略to。
3.为避免重复,作某些动词(hope,want)等宾语或(tell,order,ask)的宾补时,省略不定式短语,只保留不定式符号to。
4.应注意状语从句、定语从句中的省略。
状语从句中,如果谓语含动词be,主语又与主句主语一致或主语是it,从句中主语和be一齐省略。
5.注意not ,so ,neither, nor的“替代性”省略。
●歼灭难点训练
1.()—tom fell down from the ladder.i think his right leg is broken.
—oh,i________.
a.hope not to b.hope not c.hope not so d.don’t hope
2.()if________ the same treatment again,he’s sure to get well.
a.giving b.give c.given d.being given
3.()—aren’t you the manager?
—no,and i________.
a.don’t want to b.don’t want to be c.don’t want be d.don’t want
4.()while________ for the bus,i met an old friend of mine.
a.waited b.waiting c.wait d.to wait
5.()i don’t like the way________ he speaks to his mother.
a.which b.in that c.× d.on which
6.()they had nothing to do but________.
a.to wait b.waiting c.waited d.wait
7.()children must be taught to act with good manners when________.
a.speaking to b.spoken to c.are speaking d.spoken of
8.()—have you cleaned the room?
—no,but________.
a.i’m b.i am c.i’m just going d.i’m just going to
9.()—do you mind my taking this seat?
—________.
a.yes,sit down please b.no,of course not
c.yes,take it please d.no,you can’t take it
10.()________ green,the door might look more beautiful.
a.you painted b.if painted c.to paint d.have it painted
11.()—is the boy very sick?
—i’m afraid________.
a.it b.this c.so d.that
12.()they knew her very well.they had seen him________ up from childhood.
a.grow b.grew c.was growing d.to grow
13.()rather than________ on a crowded bus,he always prefers ________ a bicycle.
a.ride;ride b.riding;ride c.ride;to ride d.to ride;riding
14.()________ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the yangpu bridge.
a.were b.should c.would d.will
15.()though________ money,his parents managed to send him to university.
a.lacked b.lacking of c.lacking d.lacked in
共5页,当前第5页12345